Flu

What is "FLU"?

Flu is also called influenza (in-floo- EN-zuh). The flu illness is caused by influenza viruses. There are many different subtypes of this virus. All strains are named starting with an A or B type (such as Influenza A H1N1 or Influenza A H3N2). Flu viruses are constantly changing, so it is not unusual for new flu strains to appear and result in the flu even though you may have gotten the vaccine. Hence it is important to get a new flu vaccine every year, to protect yourself against the type of strain more prevalent in a particular year.

How flu is caused and how does it spread?

The flu is caused by influenza viruses that infect the nose, throat, and lungs. These viruese spread when people with flu cough, sneeze or talk, sending droplets with the virus into the air and potentially into the mouths or noses of people who are nearby.

How do I know if I have the flu?

You can suspect a flu if you see the following common symptoms

Headache

Fever

Chills

Weakness

Muscle Aches

Red or Itchy Eyes

Runny or Stuffy Nose

Sore Throat

Dry Cough

Tiredness

Diarrhea

How is influenza
diagnosed?

Your doctor will conduct a physical exam, look for signs and symptoms of influenza, and possibly order a test that detects influenza viruses. during times when influenza is widespread, you may not need to be tested for influenza. Your doctor may diagnose you based on your signs and symptoms.

How is flu
treated?

Usually, you’ll need nothing more than bed rest and plenty of fluids to treat the flu. But if you have severe infection or are at higher risk for complications, your doctor may prescribe an antiviral medication

What is the flu vaccine?

The flu vaccine can protect you against some types of flu virus. It takes about 2 weeks after vaccination for antibodies to form that can help protect you. There are four ways you can get the flu vaccine this season. The flu vaccine, like any other vaccine works by familiarizing your body’s immune system or defence mechanism against the particular strain of the virus. It helps your immune system build memory towards a viral strain, by getting sensitized to it through a vaccine. Hence, when a live virus strikes your body during a flu attack, your body recognizes it easily and mounts a counter-attack in the form of antibodies.

Children between the ages of 6 months and 8 years who are getting a flu vaccine for the first time need to get 2 doses, at least 4 weeks apart for full protection. The first dose should be given as soon as possible after the vaccine becomes available. Children in this age group who have only gotten 1 dose in the past, will also need 2 doses this season. Check with your primary care provider to see how many doses your child needs.

You should get your vaccine in a healthcare facility that can treat you if you have an allergic reaction.

Who should receive a flu vaccine?

Adults and children with the following:

◆ Chronic lung disease (including emphysema, COPD and asthma)
◆ Chronic heart disease (except high blood pressure)
◆ Chronic metabolic diseases (including diabetes)
◆ Kidney disease
◆ Hepatic (liver) disease
◆ Blood disorders (including sickle cell anemia)
◆ Those with weakened immune systems such as those with HIV/AIDS or those who have low immunity from chronic steroids, chemotherapy or radiation therapy
◆ Children and teenagers who take daily aspirin therapy
◆ Caregivers who live with or care for those at high risk for serious complications from the flu
◆ People who are very obese with body mass index of 40 or higher

Note:

This list only provides examples of conditions for which flu vaccine is recommended. Your healthcare provider may want you to have a flu shot for other conditions.